























1 ■? &' ! ti ifmi 

'W®. £ 

. - 


.'5 1 w' '7. % -W. 

..... 


: ■■ ■/■* . • T 

1 

* «. •>■ 'S ift&j'JSXK 


^ >:, f > 'i v - 'v J, 4 S ®wffl m3 ?$h 

wiVu \ \ **&.4 i>^-A, >'*w.v ;^i 

' 11 . : j/: V £ R& 


• ->’ 4 .iiV ■. ■■•' i' J. ., -r i '„•*«• 

. ■ 

■ 

'< •$•. >>-v SB •• w * % m ® 


220 LESSONS 


IN 


SPELLING AND CONSTRUCTION 

FOR 

GRAMMAR AND HIGH SCHOOLS, 
SEMINARIES, TEACHERS’ INSTITUTES 




4,000 WORDS USED IN 
TWENTY DIFFERENT EXERCISES 


« iij > s 

> > ) * 

> ) > > * > 

) > > > 


by . * : 

E. E. SMITH, A. B., B. S , ; 

Author op “Ideal Writing Speller,” “Pictorial 
Speller and Composer,” Etc. 






A. FLANAGAN COMPANY 
CHICAGO 





THE UlfiARY OF 
CONGRESS, 

Two Copies Receives 

DEC, 18 1901 

COTYRKJHT ENTRY 

KtO-fly-fqiri 

CLASS £t/XXo. No. 

^ I C] l4-0 

COPY 1 


_ ... A ^ 
'Y’t" 

ssi* 


CONTENTS. 



rage 


1. Additional Words Gathered by Teacher. 31-33 

2. Addresses for Letters... 52 

3. Analysis of Words. 53 

4. Antonyms, Test in. 15, 34 

5 Business and other Abbreviations. . 59-64 

6. Classification, Definition, Usage. 65, 66 

7. Dictionary Work.15, 20, 22, 30, 41, 51, 53, 58, 65 

8. Exact Expression, Training in.15, 22, 41, 58 

9. Geographical Names, Pronunciation, Spelling. 69-71 

10. Homonyms. 67 

11. Interchanged Words, Study of.20, 22, 58 

12. Interpretation of Thought and Emotion. 29,54 

13. Phonetic Spelling, Rules for. 72 

14. Practice in Defining.21-22, 65 

15. Pronunciation, Exercises in.51, 69-71 

/• ;’I6.**;St>el>ing Match, Wjords for. 28,68 

♦ # J * J ••• j 

* •••***•/ Ift.rSyttGnyrr^JExenSses in..15, 34, 41, 58 

•• ••• ••• V*. b Technical and Foreign Words. 30 

*. ;** V:. B 19.;;i'^s^3*ii>Sent^i/;e , .Construction. 9, 67 

20. \Vord-*^ormatao*n*Lessons.21, 40 

21. Words Frequently Misspelled . 6-71 

22. Words from Standard Literature.8, 16, 19 

23. Words from Newspapers and Magazines.6, 7, 17, 18 


Copyright, 1901, By E. E. Smith.. 































FORE-WORDS. 


This little book is the result of observation and experi¬ 
ence, aided by the advice and suggestions of teachers in 
different sections of the country. It aims:— 

1. To give thoroughly practical exercises, and to 
suggest as much as it gives. 

2. To do this within such limua _ons as to cost that 
no teacher need hesitate to put the book into the hands of 
the pupils. 

The words selected have not been taken at random. 
They have been carefully collected and selected, not alone 
by the author, but by numerous teachers and superintend¬ 
ents. By “common words” is meant those ordinarily met 
in the newspapers, in magazines, and in general literature, 
as well as in text-books and in everyday life. The lists 
and exercises include:— 


Antonyms, 

Homonyms, 

Synonyms, 

Definitions, 

Analysis, 

Discrimination, 

Interpretation, 

Sentence-making, 

Abbreviations, 

Corrections, 

Letter-writing, 


Names of Objects, 
Names of Qualities, 
Names of Properties, 
Names in History, 
Names in Fiction, 
Names in Geography, 
Names in Biography, 
Scriptural Names, 

W orcl-formation, 

Tests in Pronunciation, 
Literary Interpretation. 


ORIGINAL AVORK IN WORDS' AND IN LITERARY CONSTRUCTION. 


EMPHASIZED CAUTIONS. 


1. At all times the pupil must be allowed the utmost 
freedom of thought, imagination, and interpretation within 
reason. 

2. The lessons should not be made burdensome. Ten 
to twenty words are suggested. Five to ten are frequently 
enough. 

3. Let the teacher keep steadily in mind the fact that 
the purpose of the interpretative and of the constructive 
work is to make the words an actual part of the pupils’ 
working vocabulary. 

4. The words' are to be written as wholes, for that is 
the form in which they appear in books, in magazines, in 
newspapers, and in written communications. Syllables 
and diacritical marks are incidents. Their prime purpose 
is to teach pronunciation. They may be of value, in con¬ 
nection with accent, in teaching discriminations in mean¬ 
ing. They are rarely seen outside. of text-books and 
schoolrooms. 

5. Correct form, accurate pronunciation, definite mean¬ 
ing, right use—these are the ideals, and in the order in 
which they should be taught. 

6. The lessons should be reviewed. When an error in 
spelling or in sentence-making has taken place, and been 
corrected, the erroneous form should be so crossed out as 
to be no longer recognizable. The fewer places where the 
pupil has been pulled out of the ditch, the more creditable 
work is he doing. 


4 


VALUE OF THIS KIND OF WORK. 


The useful character of such exercises as are found 
herein is at once apparent. There is much need to drill 
upon words that most people spell incorrectly. And the 
misuse of even the commonest words is known to every 
observant person. 

Experienced teachers in the upper grades, in high 
schools, in seminaries, and in colleges, are painfully aware 
of the lack of power on the part of their pupils either to 
interpret or to express thought correctly. The lack of 
ability to discriminate between the shades of meaning of 
words is equally general. 

It is hoped that the exercises suggested herein may be 
found as useful to other teachers as to the author. 

NOTES. 

1. The words are arranged alphabetically at times merely as a 
convenience in finding a word, should it be desired to do so. 

2. There is no grouping of similar sounds or association of let¬ 
ters, for one does not depend upon such helps out of school. 

3. The constructive exercises are merely suggestive. Each 
teacher will modify to meet his pupils’ most urgent needs. 

4. Blank pages are left for special words upon which teachers 
may wish to lay emphasis, or which they may collect out¬ 
side of the lists given in the book. 

5. Special attention is called to the value of the exercises 
teaching accuracy in the use of words by requiring pupils to 
put them in sentences precisely as defined ; teaching discrimi¬ 
nation in the meanings of words; teaching thought analysis 
and thought interpretation as leading to more fluent ex¬ 
pression; suggesting practice in writing letter-forms; and to 
the business and less common abbreviations. 

Chicago, 1901. 


5 


E. E. S. 


6 WORDS FROM EDITORIAL PAGE OF CHICAGO TRIBUNE. 


answer 

arrive 

allegation 

agency 

amalgamated 

allowance 

ascertain 

believes 

business 

bodice 

carnival 

customary 

committed 

Chicago 

correlate 

civil 

conference 

college 

difficult 

destructive 

dominance 

easels 

excellent 

erratic 

exemplary 


2 

features 

furnace 

forces 

heterogeneous 

hazardous 

innovation 

idyllic 

journeys 

kowtow 

literature 

lapidaries 

millinery 

municipal 

maintenance 

modiste 

model 

Manchuria 

octopus 

optimistic 

odors 

opportunity 

prevalent 

preceding 

proceeding 

primaries 


3 

proportion 

probable 

precedent 

president 

pristine 

Raphael 

remedies 

reconciled 

regime 

recognize 

Russia 

standard 

salons 

sanitary 

sympathy 

separation 

traffic 

Tartar 

unique 

Vassar 

vegetable 

violent 

volume 

wagon 

Wellesley 



TAKEN FROM A PAGE OF CHICAGO AMERICAN. 


7 


4 

aghast 

appalling 

accord 

Aristotle 

achievement 

annual 

anarchist 

applied 

balance 

binnacle 

commerce 

competing 

coup 

campaign 

conceit 

clairvoyant 

chaperon 

daughters 

decadence 

dynamite 

diocese 

Delaware 

dormant 

diffusing 

diocesan 


derrick 

G 

parable 

electric 

Pennsylvania 

eclectic 

practicing 

England 

psychic 

extraordinary 

proclamation 

fatuous 

proclaimed 

factor 

primitive 

factories 

portentous 

failed 

Parliament 

grandeur 

principal 

government 

purchase 

history 

potatoes 

health 

Philadelphia 

incidents 

receive 

interest 

recommend 

innocent 

reap 

Lancashire 

salaries 

labor 

Samaritans 

motors 

symptom 

merely 

terror 

neighbors 

telepathy 

noticing 

unchangeable 

ousting 

vehicle 

obstacles 

viaducts 

pessimist 

wittily 



8 WORDS FROM “THE RAVEN” AND “THE BELLS” BYE. A. POE. 


7 

angels 

Aidenn 

alarum 

bleak 

borrow 

beguiling 

balmy 

clangor 

clamorous 

crystalline 

censer 

core 

cushioned 

dreary 

dying 

doubting 

decorum 

dirges 

divining 

ditty 

desperate 

eagerly 

entrance 

euphony 

fiend 


8 

ghost 

ghastly 

ghouls 

Gilead 

gaunt 

horrified 

lore 

Lenore 

lattice 

maiden 

murmured 

mystery 

mien 

marvelled 

melancholy 

monotone 

menace 

monody 

merriment 

nepenthe 

ominous 

obeisance 

paean 

palpitating 

pondered 


o 

purple 

peering 

Pallas 

placid 

pallid 

quaint 

radiant 

relevancy 

rhyming 

solemn 

seeming 

Seraphim 

syllable 

startled 

sculptured 

surcease 

separate 

tapping 

turbulency 

thrilling 

unmerciful 

volume 

violet 

visitor 

wrought 



EXERCISES IN CONSTRUCTION. 


9 


10—15—General Tests. Text-Book Tests. 

The entire grade or room is divided into two sections by 
lot or by choice of captains. Section One selects twenty 
test words from the first one hundred words of the preced¬ 
ing pages. Section Two selects the same number of test 
words from the last one hundred and twenty-five words on 
the same pages. 

The lists of test words are placed in sealed envelopes and 
handed to the teacher. Neither section is to know what 
words. the other section has selected. Each section pro¬ 
vides itself with writing paper. The teacher opens the 
sealed lists and writes them in separate columns on the 
blackboard. 

Each member of Section One must make as intelligent 
and forceful sentences as possible, using correctly the 
twenty test words of Section Two. Each member of Sec¬ 
tion Two must do the same with the test words of Section 
One. The Section having the fewest mistakes or failures 
is given first honor, and holds it until defeated in future 
contests. 

2. The pupils may be similarly divided and prepare tests 
from the history lessons of the two preceding weeks. 

3. The teacher may, without previous notice , dictate 
twenty words taken from the history, the physiology, the 
rhetoric, or the geography lessons of the preceding week. 

Every pupil must use these words correctly in sentences. 


MODEL FOR SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION. 

visitor 

The visitor was a person of distinguished appearance. 

intelligent 

Intelligent effort usually leads to intelligent results; 










10 COMMON 

1G 

alligator 

appetite 

addition 

affiliate 

amiable 

artificial 

abbey 

assassin 

absence 

abscess 

agate 

article 

alkali 

author 

acoustic 

adjacent 

aggravate 

apology 

aborigines 

answer 

ague 

accident 

abominable 

acquaintance 

advisable 


FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


17 1 H 


Absalom 

attacked 

agriculture 

• Albuquerque 

autumn 

accede 

abdicate 

ascend 

asthma 

adequacy 

adjacent 

accomplice 

ambassador 

ammonia 

admissible 

Agassiz 

attorney 

amethyst 

affluence 

accessible 

Abyssinia 

amphibious 

affability 

antecedent 

arithmetic 

amusing 

acceptance 

Arctic 

Achilles 

anglicize 

aboriginal 

always 

^Eschines 

allegory 

aorta 

abbreviate 

afraid 

allowance 

allege 

acquiesce 

assessor 

apron 

almost 

aeronaut 

adjacent 

Adirondack 

acidity 

archipelago 

accident 

arraign 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 11 


10 

bilious 

bedstead 

bastile 

Beethoven 

bazaar 

bouquet 

bayou 

Briton 

bellows 

bachelor 

beggar 

bicycle 

beseech 

banana 

Bucharest 

bulletin 

blanc-mange 

boughs 

bolster 

business 

billion 

biscuit 

barricade 

ballot 

brittle 


20 

brunette 

breakfast 

brick-kiln 

Bokhara 

brand-new 

beautifully 

biography 

buying 

Behring 

breathe 

bellows 

buried 

breachy 

baggage 

benediction 

burlesque 

burglar 

Bucephalus 

bureau 

basin 

bursar 

Bundesrath 

buzzard 

baptism 

Buddhism 


21 

balloon 

Bedouin 

browse 

boulevard 

buccaneer 

benefit 

bronchitis 

Burgoyne 

bonanza 

billiards 

beverage 

bunion 

boudoir 

bludgeon 

broncho 

buncombe 

bagatelle 

beefsteak 

bauble 

Baton Rouge 

bulbous 

baptize 

bacillus 

beacon 

battalion 



12 


COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


22 

cadence 

calendar 

calyx 

captious 

caitiff 

catechism 

color 

Carcassonne 

constancy 

cocoon 

circle 

capillary 

cynic 

colonel 

concurrent 

constellation 

corpulent 

chrysanthemum 

curable 

Cleopatra 

changeable 

champagne 

credible 

carol 

conscientious 


23 

Coriolanus 

concern 

cinder 

chorus 

civilly 

Cymbeline 

crystallize 

column 

curable 

calliope 

cosmopolitan 

chloroform 

Canterbury 

corridor 

crevice 

cornice 

comptroller 

currents 

coquette 

corollary 

cartilaginous 

qamphor 

chamois 

cupboard 

Caribbean 


24 

crescent 

cancer 

cayenne 

chowder 

centennial 

cleansable 

chocolate 

cochineal 

carriage 

charlatan 

cologne 

carcass 

Canaan 

cannibal 

conceal 

chalcedony 

cinnamon 

caricature 

cellar 

Canajoharie 

choir 

conveyance 

cauliflower 

corolla 

croquet 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


13 


25 

dagger 

daisies 

dairy 

disease 

diplomacy 

dollar 

debtor 

descent 

deign 

delineate 

dice 

disappointed 

Deuteronomy 

delicious 

dauntless 

diary 

drizzle 

dahlia 

degradation 

dimension 

dandruff 

different 

domineer 

description 

desirable 


2G 

dawdle 

deceive 

Delaware 

deuce 

desiccate 

diphtheria 

Dakota 

deference 

dungeon 

decimal 

Dennis 

doggerel 

dizzy 

discern 

divorce 

Daniel 

dilemma 

discreet 

docile 

Dewey 

discrepancy 

detriment 

distillery 

dolorous 

divergence 


27 

doctrinaire 

disciple 

durable 

demijohn 

Delia 

deducible 

dropsical 

dependent 

Dwight 

defendant 

dizziness 

derogatory 

Dumas 

dieresis 

diamond 

development 

dyspepsia 

Dickens 

dramatical 

disperse 

dysentery 

Dayton 

deplete 

Democrats 

distance 



14 COMMON 

28 

England 

equipage 

emigrate 

eczema 

Ellis 

eulogize 

enamor 

encyclopedia 

Enoch 

economy 

erasing 

errand 

Euterpean 

exposure 

Ethan 

especially 

either 

eccentric 

erasible 

Eunice 

etiquette 

eying 

endeavor 

experience 

Euphrates 


WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


29 

30 

Esther 

enough 

excellent 

epilepsy 

experiment 

Europe 

Eugenia 

expense 

epaulet 

endurance 

every 

Eurasia 

embryo 

eclipse 

Emeline 

exquisite 

ecstacy 

excrescence 

eighth 

Edison 

epitaph 

engine 

Eveline 

epidermis 

evaporate 

euchre 

exceed 

exchequer 

Ecuador 

extol 

ermine 

equinox 

Estelle 

excel 

erysipelas 

equipage 

embalm 

egotism 

effigy 

elephant 

eagle 

emanate 

Emerson 

Elgin 

exhausted 

encircle 

elixir 

ellipse 

Egypt 

Edinburgh 



EXERCISES IN CONSTRUCTION. 


15 


31—38—3xact Expression. Synonyms. Antonyms. 

1. The teacher, on five successive days, selects a list of 
twenty words from the preceding five pages. The list is 
written upon the board each day. Each pupil, when called 
upon, rises promptly and gives a definition of a word 
pointed out. If the definition is accepted, it is written op¬ 
posite the word. The next day every pupil must write 
sentences using the words in the exact sense in which they 
have been defined. [If defined as a verb, the word must 
not be used as a noun. If defined as a noun in one sense, 
the word must not be used as a noun in a different sense. 
There is no better exercise than this in training pupils to 
exactness of expression.] 

2. From the preceding pages the pupils are required to 
prepare lists of ten words that have synonyms. When 
called upon, a pupil must step to the board and write (1) 
one of his ten words; (2) its synonym; (3) a sentence con¬ 
taining the word; (4) the same sentence with the synonym 
substituted for the original word; (5) a statement showing 
the shade of difference in meaning, if any, between the two 
sentences. 

3. Let the teacher select twenty words that have anto¬ 
nyms. Without notice further than a lesson upon anto¬ 
nyms at some previous time, the list is placed on the board 
and the pupils must write sentences using the words, and 
also sentences using their antonyms. 



1G WORDS MISSPELLED IX PARAPHRASING “EVANGELINE. *’ 


39 

Acadian 

answered 

Angelus 

ancient 

aching 

boughs 

beneath 

bosoms 

bearded 

caverns 

compassion 

congregation 

cypress 

cathedral 

colonnades 

corridors 

Carthusian 

dirges 

devious 

Druids 

disconsolate 

endured 

ebbing 

fragrant 

forest 


40 

Grand-Pre' 

gleam 

Gabriel 

haze 

humble 

image 

indefinable 

infinite 

journeys 

murmuring 

mournful 

Mississippi 

manifold 

measureless 

multitudinous 

meadows 

neighboring 

ocean 

odor 

orchard 

oarsmen 

peradventure 

prairie 

priest 

patient 


41 

primeval 

repeated 

reverberant 

sylvan 

silence 

solemnly 

service 

stream 

seize 

scattered 

shadows 

twilight 

tremulous 

turbulent 

tenebrous 

towering 

trailing 

tongues 

throbbing 

tipping 

unknown 

village 

wains 

whippoorwill 

wail 



FROM “THE COURSE OF STUDY’’ BY PROEs. PARKER AND JACKMAN. 


42 

areas 

attitude 

biological 

barometer 

confident 

criticise 

crude 

comparatively 

colleges 

correlations 

discourse 

divorced 

defense 

discomfiture 

discussion 

departmental 

dogma 

environments 

endeavor 

eliminate 

earnest 

experiment 

erosion 

evolution 

failures 


43 

growth 

hibernation 

hyacinth 

hypothesis 

influential 

immediate 

invasions 

imperative 

knowledge 

latitude 

lilies 

laboratories 
measured 
moving 
modeling 
measurement 
mussels 
mind-growth 
occurrence 
processes 
plain 
partisan 
Ptolemaic 
planets 
plane 


44 

psychology 

pedagogy 

protractor 

plumb 

preparation 

physiognomy 

pedagogical 

possibilities 

progress 

practicing 

reference 

routine 

stimulus 

succeeded 

searching 

satellite 

sedges 

species 

skiameter 

supplement 

training 

topography 

university 

uniformity 

vegetable 


i? 



18 WORDS SELECTED FROM ARTICLE IN “REVIEW OF REVIEWS.’’ 


45 

addresses 

African 

abiding 

Australia 

alert 

authorship 

British 

biblical 

Britain 

century 

Canadian 

conference 

Christian 

cleavages 

cement 

chaste 

Canada 

committee 

controversy 

doctrine 

delegates 

distinguished 

differences 

discourse 

discipline 


47 

mortar 

notable 

peculiar 

perversion 

proceedings 

Protestantism 

primitive 

phase 

polity 

politics 

responses 

reckoned 

rigorous 

representative 

stimulating 

several 

separations 

sympathy 

sequence 

topics 

temperance 

unbelief 

vigorous 

vital 

Wesleyan 


40 

ecumenical 

estimated 

Episcopal 

experience 

evidence 

emphasis 

elicited 

eloquence 

effectiveness 

fervor 

Galloway 

genius 

harmony 

honored 

intercourse 

imagine 

inherent 

immediate 

inevitable 

impromptu 

judicious 

journalism 

literature 

memorable 

millions 



WORDS MISSPELLED IN PARAPHRASING “THE MERCHANT OP VENICE. 1 ’ 


19 


48 

40 

50 

abridged 

estimable 

precedent 

Antonio 

forfeiture 

penance 

adventuring 

gratis 

Portia 

argosy 

generation 

. proceedings 

acceptance 

Grecian 

purposes 

adversary 

honor 

prodigal 

adieu 

humbleness 

ravenous 

ancient 

innocence 

rigorous 

Bassanio 

impugn 

rating 

borrow 

impediment 

rheum 

Barbary 

inexecrable 

sufferance 

braggart 

knave 

Shylock 

Balthasar 

loathes 

surgeon 

Barabbas 

means 

sceptre 

continuance 

messenger 

suitors 

commodity 

moiety 

Tripolis 

contrary 

malice 

treble 

currish 

notary 

Tartars 

creature 

Nerissa 

usance 

carrion 

Nazarite 

viands 

courtesies 

occasions 

virtues 

debating 

principal 

Venice 

doctor 

possessed 

warranty 

ducat 

penalty 

water-thieves 

debtor 

Pythagoras 

Wednesday 



20 WORDS OFTEN INCORRECTLY INTERCHANGED IN SENTENCES. (To 0 f b 'hrdi i c^o W na?y a ) id 


[principal 

[principle 

f access 

/excess 

[except 

/expect 

[horde 

Ihoard 

fexcept 

/accept 

[assurance 

/insurance 

f capital 

Icapitol 

[tear 

/tare 

[illusion 

/allusion 

[effect 

[affect 

[receipt 

/recipe 

[waists - 
/wastes 


[eclectic 

lelectric 

[president 

Iprecedent 

[immigrate 

[.emigrate 

allow 


permit 

[complimentary 

Icomplementary 

[statue 

/statute 

/pretty 

/handsome 

f wholesome 

< healthy 

[hearty 

[stationary 

/stationery 

[reckon 

/suppose 

[character 

1 reputation 

[hate 

j dislike 

[despise 


[teach 

/learn 

[empty 

/vacant 

rteacher 

1 educator 

[instructor 

[sterile 

/barren 

f lovely 

[beautiful 

f scholar 

/student 

f expect 

Ithink 

rapology 

[excuse 

[sum 

[example 

[emigrant 

/immigrant 

[balance 

/remainder 

[invention 

[discovery 



CONSTRUCTION AND DEFINITION EXERCISES. 


21 


54-55-56-57 

1. From the following root-words construct derivatives by 
using prefixes. Define the root and the derivative. 


MODEL. 

courage 

| boldness, resolution, bravery. 

discourage 

| to dishearten, to depress, to disfavor. 

member give chance nerve 

decent friend witch figure 

versed sail proper warn 

2. From the following root-words construct derivatives by 
using suffixes. Define the root and the derivative. 

MODEL. 

team 

a number of animals moving together, two or 
more animals harnessed together for drawing. 

teamster 

one who drives a team. 


swindle lag Spain wax 

beg drug edit upper 

chief office knave hate 


3-4. From the following root-words construct two deriva¬ 
tives, one by using a prefix, the other by using a suf¬ 
fix. Define root and derivative. 


MODEL. 

safe 

| secure, sure, free from harm. 

unsafe 

| dangerous, perilous, not safe. 

safety 

| the condition of being safe, close custody- 


bind 

burden 

admit 

build 

direct 

patient 

claim 

limber 

lodge 

venom 

swear 

lead 

balm 

spirit 

work 

please 

joy 

human 

load 

grace 














22 


EXERCISES IN WORD AND SENTENCE-BUILDING. 


58-39-00 

1. Five to ten words from the exercises on pages 15-16 
constitute a lesson. The pupil is to write sentences, 
using each word accurately and in the different senses in 
which it has been defined. 


MODEL. 

courage—boldness 

The Puritans exhibited courage in 
coming to America. 

courage—resolution 

Every pupil should have the cour¬ 
age that leads to success. 

courage—bravery 

No one doubts the courage of Ad¬ 
miral Dewey. 


2. The teacher selects five groups of words from page 15. 
The pupils must write ten sentences, using each word 
correctly, and so as to show the different meanings. 


MODEL. 

principle 

A man of principle shows it by his conduct. 

principal 

We make calculations with the principal to 
ascertain the interest. 


3: The teacher selects ten words from those given on the 
preceding pages. Without previous warning, and occa¬ 
sionally in the place of some spelling lesson previously 
assigned, the words are dictated to the pupils, who must 
use other words with them to make ten correct Compound 
Words. ( Derivatives must not be accepted.) Then ten 
sentences must be written, each using a compound word 
correctly. 

MODEL. 


lilies—water-lilies 


Beautiful water-lilies grow in 
southern climates. 

















COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


23 


61 

feasible 

facial 

florid 

fertilizer 

Filipino 

filament 

fricassee 

flippant 

folio 

forty 

fossil 

Frobisher 

firmament 

facet 

fatigue 

February 

frontispiece 

fawn 

fervor 

favorite 

fissure 

falcon 

fracas 

foreign 

fragile 


6S 

farinaceous 

freckle 

fascinate 

frequency 

forehead 

faucet 

fallible 

friend 

finale 

filigree 

facile ‘ 

feign 

friar 

feminine 

feudalism 

frivolous 

finable 

frigid 

forgery 

fragmentary 

freight 

fabulous 

frustum 

frieze 

furnace 


63 

futile 

formally 

forfeit 

fugitive 

frontier 

facsimile 

furlough 

fusible 

fallacy 

futility 

fierce 

ferocity 

falsify 

Ferdinand 

freezing 

Fahrenheit 

fragrance 

Faust 

funeral 

Francesca 

flexible 

Frontenac 

flannel 

Froebel 

financier 



24 


COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


64 

geography 

generate 

glacier 

gauntlet 

Gainsborough 

glutton 

garish 

garrulous 

Galileo 

guess 

grandeur 

grotesque 

gases 

gauge 

gamin 

Gambetta 

gaseous 

gorilla 

gaiter 

gallows 

grievance 

garret 

genius 

Garibaldi 

gazetteer 


65 

guttural 

grammar 

Genevieve 

ghost 

glisten 

gauze 

Galapagos 

guinea 

guitar 

gallop 

guillotine 

Geoffrey 

gossip 

gondola 

gingham 

gnarled 

galore 

Granada 

government 

granary 

gangrene 

Gottschalk 

glycerine 

governor 

gnash 


66 

Georgia 

gossamer 

genuine 

gormandize 

Gibraltar 

geometry 

gypsy 

glossary 

guidance 

Guadaloupe 

grievous 

galaxy 

Genoa 

gelatine 

grimace 

guerrilla 

Ganges 

grieve 

gambol 

Gizeh 

guard 

guilty 

gutta-percha 

Guernsey 

gymnasium 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED 


23 


67 

haggard 

hammock 

Hagerstown 

hypnotize 

harangue 

harass 

harbor 

Hainan 

headache 

hybrid 

hoarseness 

heather 

holiday 

heiress 

Hawaii 

hiccough 

height 

horrible 

halcyon 

heifer 

Hottentots 

happily 

hygiene 

hemorrhage 

heliotrope 


68 

Hohenzollern 

herbivorous 

hesitancy 

heresy 

having 

Housatonic 

heritage 

hundred 

handkerchiefs 

heterogeneous 

Hypatia 

habeas corpus 

hurricane 

hallelujah 

heinous 

homage 

Houston 

hubbub 

hussar 

hyphen 

hymeneal 

homestead 

Hippocrates 

hydrogen 

hypocrite 


69 

hear 

halos 

hyacinth 

Hipparchus 

hosanna 

haunt 

horizon 

horror 

Hennepin 

homogeneous 

here 

homicide 

homeopathy 

Hardicanute 

hollyhock 

hoeing 

heroine 

history 

Helen 

hippopotamus 

hoarse 

hyena 

hysterics 

Humboldt 

hypothenuse 



26 


COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


70 

Isabella 

inferior 

inflammation 

insert 

insurance 

Italian 

interference 

interrupt 

ipecac 

intimate 

Ithuriel 

intoxicate 

irrigate 

incessant 

incident 

Iconium 

insipid 

insolence 

intense 

Illinois 

interrogation 

intervene 

irritate 

illicit 

Indianapolis 


71 

immerse 

immigrate 

ideal 

Ipswich 

igneous 

illegible 

implement 

Iroquois 

impostor 

impugn 

incandescent 

incessant 

Ithaca 

impunity 

incorrigible 

incredible 

indelible 

Ibrahim 

indictment 

indigent 

inebriate 

Ignatius 

inference 

inflorescence 

Ingelow 


72 

intrigue 

intercede 

Isocrates 

inveigle 

isosceles 

isinglass 

Isaac 

ingredient 

insidious 

imbecile 

Iceland 

inseparable 

iodine 

impious 

italicize 

Israel 

infamous 

infinitive 

ignorance 

Irrawaddy 

indigestible 

infallible 

itinerant 

Ichabod 

ingenious 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


73 

74 

jabber 

jaundice 

journeys 

jeweler 

juice 

Josephine 

janitor 

juvenile 

jaunt 

judicial 

Jamaica 

junta 

jealousies 

knuckle 

Japanese 

kiln 

jeopardy 

Juvenal 

jubilee 

Kuen-Lun 

jockey 

knave 

Jerusalem 

juiciness 

joke 

jostle 

jugular 

Jehovah 

jocular 

justify 

jurisdiction 

knickerbockers 

juniper 

kindergarten 

jessamine 

knell 

jungle 

kaleidoscope 

journal 

Jepthah 

joyous 

judicious 

jade 

Kalamazoo 

judgment 

knowledge 

javelin 

knitting 

Jungfrau 

juvenescent 


‘Z7 

75 

jealous 

Kearsarge 

kitchen 

knead 

Jezebel 

Kennebec 

kangaroo 

kleptomania 

kinetic 

kerosene 

Janet 

kiloliter 

Kanawha 

knickknack 

know 

knot 

Jefferson 

Kankakee 

khedive 

knob 

kneel 

knoll 

January 

Kosciusko 

kernel 



28 GENERAL REVIEW—FOR A SPELLING MATCH. 


7G 

binnacle 

England 

receive 

symptom 

pessimist 

clairvoyant 

Parliament 

crystalline 

censer 

dirges 

nepenthe 

seraphim 

ghouls 

lattice 

euphony 

allegation 

Manchuria 

Kamchatka 

optimistic 

proceeding 

Wednesday 

dominance 

bodice 

Wellesley 

prevalent 


77 

Raphael 

kowtow 

furnace 

preceding 

idyllic 

lapidaries 

abbey 

accomplice 

calendar 

Eunice 

bevy 

Kanawha 

erasible 

acquiesce 

cocoon 

primeval 

burlesque 

prairie 

Deuteronomy 

archipelago 

caoutchouc 

bursar 


58 

brick-kiln 

shadows 

cayenne 

acoustic 

Delaware 

caitiff 

boulevard 

erysipelas 

answer 

capillary 

Briton 

reverberant 

tongue 

bilious 

amphibious 

Evangeline 

bouquet 

Ecuador 

absence 

Tartars 

blanc mange 

rheum 


impugn aeronaut 

chrysanthemum argosy 
abscess champagne 




INTERPRETATION AND EXPRESSION OF THOUGHT AND EMOTION. 29 

79—80 

1. Each pupil is to read over the following lines very care¬ 
fully. Then close the eyes and allow the imagination 
to form a mental picture, which is to be written out as 
each pupil sees it. 

“The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, 

The lowing herd winds slowly o’er the lea, 

The plow’man homeward plods his w r eary way 
And leaves the world to darkness and to me.” 

—Gray. 

Suggestive Questions: —What time of day is it ? 

Is it quiet or stormy ? Is the scene in the country or in 
the city ? What are the items that make up the environ¬ 
ment? What condition of mind is produced? What 
leads to this state of mind? Write out the scene- 

2. Imagine the scene suggested by Poe. Write it out in 
vivid prose:— 

“ Once upon a midnight dreary, w r hile I pondered, weak 
and w r eary, 

O’er many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten 
lore,— 

While I podded, nearly napping, suddenly there came 
a tapping, 

As of some one gently rapping,—rapping at my cham¬ 
ber door. 

* * * * * * 

Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, 

And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost 
upon the floor.” 

Suggestions. —Contrast with the scene in No. 1. Are the 
surroundings the same? Are both persons represented 
as being mentally weary? Why is a different setting 
chosen by these poets? What tone is given each poem 
by the introductory lines? Is this intentional? 



30 

VOWEL CHANGES. 

TECHNICAL WORDS. 

WORDS FROM FOREIGN LANG. 


Spell—Use in sentence. 

Spell—Define. 

Spell—Define. 


prevail 

prevalence 

exclaim 

exclamation 

pitiful 

piteous 

oxygen 

oxidize 

pronounce 

pronunciation 

engaging 

engagement 

maintain 

maintenance 

speak 

speech 

reclaim 

reclamation 

duty 

duteous 

beauty 

beautiful 


panacea 

anodyne 

hydropathy 

eccentric 

sequestration 

consignment 

liquidation 

insolvency 

garnishee 

attachment 

habeas corpus 

assets 

mortgage 

larboard 

salvage 

oratorio 

fantasia 

opera 

cosmorama 

caricature 

chalybeate 

stereometry 


macaroni 

vermicelli 

lazzaroni 

souchong 

oolong 

hallelujah 

hosanna 

shibboleth 

peccadillo 

sarsaparilla 

cochineal 

vaquero 

chaparral 

caoutchouc 

imbroglio 

Signora 

bizarre 

surveillance 

attache 

ddcollete 

incognito 

ad valorem 









« 




ADDITIONAL WORDS GATHERED BY PUPILS AND TEACHER. 31 


8 «> 



• 










- 


- 













- 





• 




















































» 


32 ADDITIONAL WORDS GATHERED BY PUPILS AND TEACHER. 


87 

88 

















' 

























% 



















































ADDITIONAL WORDS GATHERED BY PUPILS AND TEACHER. 33 


89 

90 




- 

• 






• 





















1 

1 * 

- 

















































34 


EXERCISE IN USING ANTONYMS AND SYNONYMS. 


1. The pupil should place in the first column an antonym 
and in the second column a synonym for the word given. 
2. He should then give orally sentences using (a) the 
original word, (b) the antonym, (c) the synonym. 


sour 

generous 

jovial 

strong 

active 

taciturn 

brave 

upright 

ugly 

cruel 

righteous 

shrewd 

peaceful 

trustworthy 

attractive 

safe 

sincere 

light 

breadth 

synthesis 

captivity 

excellence 


ANTONYM. 


SYNONYM. 








COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


35 


93 

LaFayette 

lieutenant 

longitude 

latitude 

leather 

leviathan 

landau 

Louisiana 

lustrous 

lambrequin 

lateral 

lacquer 

London 

loquacity 

laboratory 

laggard 

lunacy 

Lalla Rookh 

litigation 

league 

lexicon 

lichen 

Lancelot 

ligature 

laughed 


94 

lineage 

luscious 

lethargy 

legendre 

legitimate 

lyric 

Linnaeus 

lily 

latent 

Launfal (Sir) 

lassitude 

license 

litany 

laminate 

Lazarus 

lachrymal 

language 

labyrinth 

Lucifer 

landscape 

lymph 

Lackawanna 

lyceum 

leopard 

lethargy 


95 

Louisa 

ludicrous 

lucid 

lightning 

Leipsic 

luncheon 

loathe 

Lausanne 

liquefy 

lose 

lineament 

Lombardy 

lacerate 

loaves 

librarian 

Lytton 

lavatory 

loose 

leprosy 

ligneous 

legacy 

leisure 

larynx 

Llewellyn 

lancet 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


36 

96 

Macbeth 

munificence 

mileage 

microbe 

mutable 

Mahomet 

myriad 

mercenary 

menagerie 

mystic 

Malachi 

motley 

menace 

mosaic 

Macedonia 

mortuary 

meagre 

monologue 

Mephistopheles 

monastery 

mattress 

masticate 

mitigate 

Micawber 

missive 


97 

miscreant 

maneuver 

Miranda 

misanthrope 

marmalade 

minstrel 

Michael 

miniature 

malleable 

Munchausen 

metropolis 

meritorious 

Machpela 

mendacity 

malign 

mausoleum 

Methuselah 

manicure 

magician 

manacle 

Mesopotamia 

malevolent 

mackerel 

maelstrom 

mace 


98 

Magellan 

mythology 

magna charta 

Marseilles 

martyr 

merino 

municipal 

Martinique 

monotonous 

macaroni 

Muscatine 

mongrel 

Michigan 

monetary 

Muhlenburg 

moccasin 

metaphor 

meerschaum 

Montaigne 

mistletoe 

missile 

Mohammed 

minimum 

miracle 

Mendelssohn 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


37 


09 

Nilsson 

necropolis 

neighbor 

nadir 

New Guinea 

niece 

naphtha 

nourish 

Nagasaki 

nasal 

nucleus 

Naples 

negroes 

nausea 

nasturtium 

Navahoe 

noticeable 

nautilus 

novice 

Nicaragua 

needle 

nectar 

neigh 

nuisance 

Niagara 


100 

nominative 

necessary 

Nevada 

nickel 

neuter 

nitrous 

Neufchatel 

notices 

nuptial 

neuralgia 

Norfolk 

neither 

nunnery 

nullify 

Notre Dame 

nymph 

neophyte 

Nova Zembla 

nonpareil 

niche 

nitrogen 

niggardly 

Normandy 

nefarious 

necrology 


101 

nascent 

Numidia 

nocturnal 

nautical 

Nicodemus 

naive 

narcissus 

Naaman 

nostrum 

nebula 

nutriment 

Naomi 

normal 

nettle 

nagging 

Nazarene 

neuralgia 

nauseous 

Nehemiah 

narcotic 

necromancy 

Nineveh 

nugget 

numeral 

nephew 



38 


COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


102 

103 

101 

oracle 

orthoepy 

Orinoco 

Oberon 

orifice 

opera 

ostensible 

Olympus 

oleomargarine 

opaque 

oxygen 

opalescence 

octagon 

oval 

onyx 

Olivia 

ossify 

once 

oligarchy 

Osiris 

obstacle 

observe 

ostracize 

Osceola 

officer 

official 

odorous 

omniscient 

Ocmulgee 

opossum 

Ophelia 

oscillate 

Orkneys 

opulence 

Occident 

officious 

opium 

oscillation 

omelet 

orchard 

Oregon 

Oahu 

ordnance 

obituary 

obscene 

O’Shanter (Tam) 

ordinance 

oblate 

olfactory 

oxidize 

Ossoli 

ostrich 

Oneida 

observatory 

obsequies 

obstinacy 

occasion 

Othello 

often 

Oglethorpe 

obliterate 

omnivorous 

oblique 

oyster 

Ottawa 

orchid 

onion 

opiate 

omnivora 

obdurate 

offal 

oriole 

Odysseus 

occurrence 

obnoxious 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


39 


103 

100 

107 

pygmy 

prestige 

pertinent 

Philippine 

premise 

perquisite 

pyramid 

paraffin 

Pottawatomie 

parasite 

Pestalozzi 

piracy 

puerile 

predatory 

persevere 

Paganini 

paralysis 

Panza (Sancho) 

preparatory 

Polycarp 

peripatetic 

purser 

propagate 

pharmacy 

pursuit 

precarious 

Pythagoras 

Priscilla 

participate 

percussion 

protege 

panacea 

philatelist 

parenthesis 

Pocahontas 

pedestal 

palisade 

potent 

Palestine 

pulmonary 

peaceable 

partisan 

Palmyra 

posture 

phlegm 

promiscuous 

Plantagenet 

paraphernalia 

prudence 

pomposity 

Philistines 

prodigy 

promontory 

panegyric 

Pyrenees 

polyp 

physique 

procedure 

Prairie du Chien 

palfrey 

protectorate 

plenteous 

Portuguese 

prophecy 

palette 

pageant 

prevaricate 

Poughkeepsie 

pleurisy 

Pueblo 

plagiarize 

Pleiad 

pretzel 

parquet 

paean 



40 


CONSTRUCTION OF COMPOUNDS AND DERIVATIVES. 


Place after each of the following words both a deriva¬ 
tive and a compound containing the word. Use a hyphen 
in the compound word only when it is proper. Ten words 
to constitute a lesson. 


WORD. 


wise 

mother 

body 

blunder 

hound 

worthy 

heaven 

book 

charge 

control 

head 

eye 

eat 

truth 

woman 

cure 

piece 

horse 

witch 

high 


108-109 110-111 

DERIVATIVE. I COMPOUND. 














EXERCISE IN WRITING SYNONYMS. 


41 


(1) Opposite each word below write two other words 
of synonymous meaning. (2 ) Select any five words and 
write, on other paper, sentences using their synonyms cor¬ 
rectly. Use the dictionary freely. Ten words to consti¬ 
tute a lesson. The writing of sentences to be a separate 
lesson. 

lia-113-114-115 


WORD. 

SYNONYM. 

SYNONYM. 

barren 

proud 

tranquil 

hate 

rude 

modest 

cozy 

supply 

give 

build 

foe 

hope 

tale 

murder 

allure 

merry 

bold 

timid 

just 

teacher 

* 









42 COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


116 

parcel 

people 

police 

pyramid 

petrify 

piquant 

progeny 

piccalilli 

promise 

parasite 

physique 

possession 

proceed 

privilege 

placid 

paroxysm 

precede 

plateau 

porous 

paregoric 

pursue 

Psyche 

particular 

peninsular 

preferred 


117 

perceive 

peevish 

professor 

peasant 

pneumonia 

palisade 

principle 

pantomime 

protestant 

pessimist 

patience 

phonograph 

probably 

panoply 

putrefy 

pause 

pigeon 

petal 

poultice 

piazza 

palace 

plague 

parallel 

pistil 

pretty 


118 

psalter 

petroleum 

pulleys 

perjure 

pumpkin 

precipice 

pshaw 

phrenology 

parable 

philippic 

Pentateuch 

phaeton 

Philippines 

passable 

precise 

papacy 

physician 

parochial 

physiology 

pharynx 

prejudice 

poignant 

procedure 

portmanteau 

preparation 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


43 


119 

quartette 

quarry 

quintessence 

Quixote(Don) 

quarantine 

Quesada 

quinsy 

quadrilateral 

quorum 

qui vive 

quay 

quiescent 

quotient 

Quintilian 

quadruped 

quoits 

quinine 

qualm 

quarrel 

Quebec 

quantity 

quandary 

quadrille 

Quinebaug 

queue 


130 

ruching 

Raphael 

ruminate 

remedy 

roseate 

Rasselas 

reverie 

ripple 

rinse 

retrieve 

Roderigo 

reticence 

rattan 

resuscitate 

Romeo 

resurrection 

recent 

respite 

Rotterdam 

rescind 

rhubarb 

reprisal 

Rosalind 

repartee 

roguish 


131 

rendezvous 

reparation 

Raleigh 

reminiscence 

reign 

receive 

regime 

Runnymede 

recreant 

raisin 

razor 

reconnoiter 

Reikjavik 

reciprocity 

ream 

recede 

Rheims 

rancid 

ruffian 

ramify 

redolent 

rhapsody 

rhetoric 

rheumatism 

Roumelia 




44 


COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


1*2 

123 

124 

rhythm 

resuscitate 

Salvador 

Racine 

rancor 

subtle 

rotunda 

rabies 

sapphire 

resin 

reversible 

Samoa 

Richelieu 

rummage 

separate 

reptile 

recommend 

sago 

rosette 

rinsing 

sirloin 

Rennselaer 

rarefy 

San Juan 

recent 

reindeer 

sirrah 

receipt 

rancid 

syllable 

Reichstadt 

receptacle 

Saragossa 

reveille 

reconnoissance 

sough 

route 

remissible 

slough 

reticule 

raspberries 

skillful 

restaurant 

rigmarole 

San Diego 

rotary 

raceme 

stationery 

reservoir 

recess 

Savonarola 

Rousseau 

rhomboid 

sinecure 

rustle 

reticence 

scarcely 

requisite 

repugnant 

sepulchre 

Romanoff 

rhinoceros 

Shenandoah 

regatta 

rhyme 

symmetry 

rehearse 

renegade 

salable 

receptacle 

riddance 

Suwanee 

Robespierre 

ravine 

Schumann 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


45 


125 

schism 

Santa Barbara 

synopsis 

seraphim 

sidereal 

Smyrna 

soiree 

sovereign 

scintillate 

Schenectady 

syntax 

savory 

symphony 

sleek 

syllabicate 

satirize 

Schuylkill 

saunter 

surveillance 

salient 

syenite 

supercilious 

Sevastopol 

synonym 

synchronous 


126 
shirred 
senile 
symptom 
scurrilous 
Shang-Hai 
sorcery 
sobriquet 
symmetrical 
Sophocles 
solemn 
sonorous 
succulent 
syringe 
Sierra Madre 
souvenir 
succinct 
sylvan 
subsidize 
scullery 
Stuttgart 
scissors 
strychnine 
swathe 
susceptible 
sodality 


127 

soporific 

squeamish 

siren 

Spurgeon 

stevedore 

surfeit 

stencil 

stellar 

supplement 

Susquehanna 

supersede 

stamina 

subterranean 

summary 

strategic 

Stradivarius 

spinach 

sphinx 

solstice 

singeing 

Stuyvesant 

silhouette 

sallow 

salable 

Stuttgart 



46 


WORDS FOR A SPELLING MATCH. 


128 

trousseau 

manikin 

canaille 

crochet 

vengeance 

rendezvous 

martyrdom 

Christendom 

fuchsia 

mignonette 

camellia 

heliotrope 

marigold 

hyacinth 

reservoir 

hydrometer 

irrigate 

Pentateuch 

bivouac 

paroxysm 

patois 

personnel 

escritoire 

badinage 

Cincinnati 


120 

Yosemite 

macaroni 

Niagara 

vermicelli 

imbroglio 

Mississippi 

papoose 

hallelujah 

moccasin 

gasconade 

tortilla 

chaparral 

herculean 

dahlia 

naphtha 

cipher 

sassafras 

mosquito 

qui vive 

surveillance 

canon 

bateau 

caoutchouc 

crevasse 

Tennessee 


130 

peddler 

cymbeline 

forehead 

gherkin 

diamond 

hyson 

souchong 

etiquette 

charlatan 

cochineal 

grotesque 

receive 

supersede 

believe 

succeed 

precedence 

proceeding 

balsam 

chalice 

cadence 

riddance 

capillary 

stellar 

peaceable 

erasable 



SENTENCES CONTAINING ERRORS TO BE CORRECTED. 47 


131-132 

1. Edison discovered the phonograph. 

2. Mrs. Jones gave mother a fine receipt for curing sore 

throat. 

3. The blind man was guided by a little dog. 

4. The injured employee was carried away in an ambu- 

lence. 

5. The men were handsomely compensated for their 

day’s work. 

6. Mr. Bailey restored what he had borrowed from Mr. 

Sims. 

7. Mrs. Partington says comparisons are oderous. 

8. Mr. Sims 'and Mr. Brown, too, went to see the led 

mine. 

9. The quire of singers made melodious music. 

10. The mariners’ compas was invented by the Chinese. 

11. The spining jennie was invented by Hargreaves in 1767. 

12. Guttenburg did the first printing with moveable 

types in i450, A. D. 

13. Can Mary work the sum ? I reckon so. 

14. The briggand had a cutlas, a bayonette, and a pistil. 

15. Naptha is a daingerous substance near the light. 

17. Marian has taken fiveseperate journies to Sicely. 

18. Irigation is a faverite means of reclaiming dessert 

land in Coleraddo. ' 

19. Mr. Washington learned me how to tell the reputa¬ 

tion of people by their conduct and dress. 

20. Mr. Werner’s colleague in business was dishonest. 

21. Mrs. Peck said it would cost $100 to construct the 

stable. 

22. I hate to make a mistake in my work. 

23. That pretty mansion belongs to a renowned philarn 

thropist. 

24. To back-bite a blacksmith or others is illbred. 



48 COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


133 

traffic 

Tammany 

toque 

trousers 

troche 

tournament 

Tannhauser 

tonsilitis 

tapioca 

tawny 

Tippecanoe 

terminate 

tenure 

tenor 

terrace 

Titania 

tendency 

tolerate 

there 

tenacious 

trigonometry 

technical 

triphthong 

tantalize 

Tullia 


134 

Tortugas 

treadle 

trigger 

termagant 

tortoise 

triple 

tomahawk 

truancy 

Tartuffe 

tutor 

traitor 

thorough 

tureen 

tiara 

tweezers 

thermometer 

turquoise 

Tristram 

tableau 

tenant 

tacit 

Tarpeian 

tenacious 

tambourine 

Tallapoosa 


135 

Thursday 

together 

taught 

Tabitha 

tippet 

trail 

Theodotus 

tailor 

tare 

trespass 

Thessalonians 

tonsil 

temperance 

through 

threnody 

tier 

threshold 

tongue 

tattle 

Tobias 

testament 

transferred 

Themistocles 

terrace 

trochee 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


49 


136 137 138 


triumvirate 

Tallahassee 

trolley 

tillage 

tractable 

tyrannize 

tiara 

tough 

Terre Haute 

thesaurus 

torpor 

typhoid 

trousseau 

Tipperary 

tassel 

typhoon 

tirade 

treacle 

Tubal-cain 

their 

Toulouse 

turret 

tinsel 

typical 

trouble 

Thucydides 

tansy 

traceable 

tentacle 

tyranny 

Tacitus 

turkeys 

Tyrol 

turbine 

timorous 

teeter 

theosophy 

tithable 

toboggan 

termagant 

textile 

turpentine 

tubular 

truly 

Talleyrand 

tibia 

tersely 

trestle 

Tuesday 

Tartary 

taxidermy 

timorous 

temporal 

trisyllable 

tremor , 

treatise 

Tecumseh 

Tchang 

trellis 

trespass 

transverse 

tapestry 

tillable 

twelfth 

Tierra delFuego 

treachery 

transient 

tangible 

Thackeray 

transcend 

typify 

tragedy 

Tuscaloosa 

Trollope 

toxicology 



50 


COOMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


139 

Ulysses 

until 

usury 

ulcer 

usually 

unique 

Uranus 

utensil 

Utrecht 

utilize 

urchin 

unanimous 

Utah 

utterance 

unparalleled 

Ursuline 

ulcerate 

umbrageous 

unbelief 

uncivilized 

umbrella 

union 

uniform 

urbane 

Upernavik 


140 

ubiquity 

Ural 

usurp 

Uruguay 

uncle 

university 

usance 

unison 

using 

ultimatum 

Utopia 

upper 

Ursula 

ultramundane 

undulating 

ululate 

umbrage 

unalloyed 

unanimity 

uncial 

utility 

uncouth 

unctuous 

umbrage 

undulatory 


141 

usual 

uneasily 

Unitarian 

unicorn 

universalist 

uxorious 

uproarious 

uranography 

usable 

uvula 

utilitarian 

uxorcide 

uniting 

universology 

Utica 

utterance 

uncivilized 

Utopian 

unconscious 

Connecticut 

Oklahoma 

Phoebe 

Adeline 

unkempt 

Lanier 



EXERCISE IN PRONUNCIATION. 51 


142-3 

abdomen 

acclimate 

alias 

allopathist 

altercate 

apparatus 

archipelago 

banana 

canine 

chastisement 

comparable 

contumely 

conversant 

cupola 

deficit 

disputable 

exquisite 

faucet 

gladiolus 

gondola 

granary 

gum arabic 

hearth 

horizon 

hvmeneal 


144-5 

ignoramus 

inquiry 

integral 

inveigle 

lamentable 

lichen 

lyceum 

mercantile 

museum 

nepotism 

opponent 

orthoepy 

papyrus 

patron 

precedent (adj.) 

precedent (n.) 

process 

produce 

pyramidal 

recess 

roof 

senile 

serpentine 

squalor 

tassel 


146-7 

tribune 

vagary 

vehement 

Arab 

Balmoral 

Calliope 

Danish 

Italian 

Powhatan 

Uranus 

Ulysses 

Thucydides 

Tortugas 

Yosemite 

Semiramis 

Sardanapalus 

Savonarola 

Ossoli 

Nevada 

Navahoe 

latent 

conference 

kowtow 

recognize 

vehicle 



52 WRITE ADDRESSES FOR LETTERS TO THE FOLLOWING PARTIES. 


[Five of these to constitute a lesson. Be careful as to wording and punctuation. J 

148 - 149 - 150-151 

1. A. Flanagan Co., Publishers, 266 Wabash Ave., Chi¬ 

cago, Ill. 

2. The president of the United States. 

3. Your father. 

4. Thomas Brown, a friend in some other place. 

5. The superintendent of schools of your town or county. 

6. The Right Reverend Bishop of Chicago. 

7. Miss Eva Lee, Vassar College, Pougkeepsie, N. Y. 

8. The Board of Education of your town or county. 

9. Your sister, who is in another place. 

10. An informal note to an intimate friend. 

11. An informal note to your teacher. 

12. The governor of your state. 

13. Your family physician. 

14. One of the highest officers in the United States army. 

15. One of the highest officers in the U. S. navy. 

16. The King of England. 

17. The Queen of Holland. 

18. The National Convention of the Democratic Party, 

in session. 

19. To the people of Georgia. 

20. To the president of the National Federation of Wom¬ 

an’s Clubs. 

Queries.— Must the address in the letter contain everything that 
belongs in the address on the envelope? What is the difference be¬ 
tween a formal and an informal address? Should the address of the 
letter to the president of the United States contain his name? 
Should the address always contain the full name of the person to 
whom the letter is written? Where should you place the address? 



ANALYSIS OF DERIVATIVES AND COMPOUNDS. 


53 


[Separate each derivative or compound into the root-word and 
its prefix or suffix. Then show what change the prefix or 
suffix has made in the meaning of the root-word. Not over 
ten words to the lesson. ] 

158-153 154—155 - 156-157 


lambkin 

compliance 

careless 

father-in-law 

consonant 

extraordinary 

monarchy 

intangible 

childhood 

harmless 

transalpine 

beautify 

brooklet 

recollect 

collection 

transmission 

fragmentary 

indiscreet 

hypercritical 

infinite 

confinement 

deceitful 

vocalize 


diffusive 

tamable 

befriend 

racehorse 

horserace 

text-book 

nowhere 

traceable 

graciously 

fusible 

lion-hearted 

earthquake 

blacksmith 

curable 

forcible 

inventive 

air-tight 

factoring 

travel-stained 

juiciness 

peaceable 

unpopular 

spoonful 


wide-awake 

outlaw 

emigrate 

immigrate 

forethought 

greyish 

shoeing 

world-wide 

dodger 

lodgment 

hedgehog 

honestly 

girlish 

girder 

pitchfork 

receiving 

wrinkly 

senseless 

coarseness 

woodland 

eatable 

contention 

suspension 



54 EXPLAIN IN WRITING THE MEANINGS OF WORDS ITALICIZED. 


158 — 159—160 

1. For weeks the clouds had raked the hills 
And vexed the vales with raining; 

And all the woods were sad with mist , 
And all the brooks complaining. 

At last, a sudden night-storm tore 
The mountain veils asunder , 

And swept the valleys clean before 
The besom of the thunder. —Whittier. 


2. At midnight, in the month of June, 
I stand beneath the mystic moon. 
An opiate vapor , dewy, dim, 
Exhales from out her golden rim , 
And, softly dripping, drop by drop, 
Upon the quiet mountain-top, 

Steals drowsily and musically 
Into the universal valley. — Poe. 

3. The wandering airs they faint 
On the dark, the silent stream ; 

The champak odors fail 

Like sweet thoughts in a dream; 
And the nightingale’s plaint, 

It dies upon her heart. — Shelley. 



COMMON - WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


55 


161 

visible 

veins 

valentine 

vaccinate 

vermilion 

Vandyke 

villainous 

Vicar 

vilify 

viscid 

vagary 

Venice 

victuals 

valise 

Vivian 

vacuum 

virile 

veterinary 

velocity 

Venezuela 

vestige 

vestibule 

vassal 

vertices 

Verrazano 


1G£ 

Valparaiso 

venom 

vigorous 

Voltaire 

vinegar 

vehicle 

Vatican 

ventilate 

verdigris 

versatile 

Vancouver 

variegate 

vacillate 

vermin 

vegetable 

Vallejo 

velocipede 

villain 

very 

ventricle 

Valombrosa 

vignette 

veneer 

vicinage 

vicissitude 


163 

volatile 

vengeance 

Van Diemen’s 

vitreous 

visitor 

varioloid 

Victorian 

vendome 

vertical 

vaseline 

vaudeville 

valuable 

Versailles 

vocabulary 

valet 

Vespucci 

village 

vagrant 

Vallandigham 

vacillating 

visible 

vessel 

Valenciennes 

vineyard 

vanilla 



56 


COMMON AVORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


164 

165 

166 

warrant 

Willamette 

Westminster 

whose 

Winnepesaukee 

wallet 

Winifred 

weigh 

wedding 

woman 

which 

Willimantic 

wagon 

Worcester 

wabble 

whole 

whether 

waltz 

Wycliffe 

writing 

Wabash 

wearisome 

wizard 

warrior 

whimsical 

whey 

worship 

Wyoming 

wainscoting 

worsted 

weird 

worst 

wallow 

wooly 

Wieland 

wriggle 

weasel 

weather 

wigwam 

wield 

whoa 

Wurtemberg 

Woolwich 

w T ily 

wrapper 

weapon 

wrought 

whoop 

writhe 

Wellesley 

weight 

winnow 

witness 

whiffle 

Westphalia 

wean 

Wisconsin 

worsted 

wheeze 

walrus 

wrinkle 

Wilkesbarre 

worse 

wrath 

wholly 

waste 

worry 

ware 

Wetumpka 

Washita 

wafer 

wreath 

witticism 

Wolverine 

warily 



COMMON WORDS FREQUENTLY MISSPELLED. 


57 


1G7 

1GS 

169 

yacht 

prejudice 

facade 

yeoman 

Zoroaster 

gymnasium 

Yucatan 

pygmies 

Youghioghenv 

zephyr 

cemetery 

surveillance 

yeast 

Zaccheus 

halcyon 

youth 

cymbal 

catarrh 

yield 

chevalier 

Yosemite 

Xantippe 

Yaqui 

panegyric 

yolk 

mercenary 

cynical 

yesterday 

sidereal 

carnivorous 

Yule 

Zachariah 

reciprocity 

zealous 

Yokohama 

Yang-tse-Kiang 

Zenobia 

capillary 

exhilarate 

zinc 

abhorrence 

labyrinth 

zoology 

Xavier 

Zebedee 

Zouave 

laryngitis 

omniscience 

yearn 

vacillate 

hyperbole 

Xenophon 

symmetry 

Yorick 

zodiac 

Ypsilanti 

economy 

zenith 

diphthong 

liquidate 

zeal 

integer 

debris 

Y ankee 

Zealand 

chicanery 

Zanzibar 

ascension 

prescience 

zebra 

reconnaissance 

parricide 

yawn 

impassable 

nonpareil 



58 EXPRESSING SHADES OF MEANING CONVEYED BY SYNONYMS. 


[Use the following groups of synonyms in sentences so as 
to show the shades of meaning, Not to exceed ten words 
to a lesson.] 

170—171—172—173—174—173 


discover 

invent 

large 

ample 

extensive 

pretty 

handsome 

splendid 

sad 

morose 

empty 

foe 

melancholy 

vacant 

opponent 

antagonist 

scholar 

student 

pupil 

tale 

novel 

bold 

brave 

audacious 

lazy 

shiftless 

idle 

allure 

entice 

decoy 

correct 

precise 

accurate 

indolent 

careless 

thoughtless 

heedless 

story 

brave 

courageous 

venturesome 

teach 

learn 

enormous 

short 

heroic 

immense 

abrupt 

event 

occurrence 

incident 

excessive 

tranquil 

quiet 

serene 

fear 

terror 





















BUSINESS AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS. 


A1 

176 

first-class 

% or acct. 

account 

ad. lib. 

at pleasure 

aet. 

(cetatis) aged 

agt. 

agent 

amt. 

amount 

ans. 

answer 

anon. 

anonymous 

@ 

at 

atty. 

attorney 

Av. or Ave. 

Avenue 

bal. 

balance 

bbl. 

barrel 

bbls. 

barrels 

B. C. 

Before Christ 

bu. 

bushel 

C. 

a hundred 

ft or <51. 

cent 

if 

checkmark 

C. 0. D. 

cash on delivery 

C. E. 

civil engineer 

C. H. 

court-house 

Co. 

company 

Cr. 

creditor, credit 

Dr. 

debtor, debit 

dis. or disct. 

discount 


59 



60 BUSINE8S AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS. 

D. A. R. 

177 

Daughters of American Revolution 

$ 

dollar or dollars 

Diet. 

dictionary 

doz. 

dozen 

Dr. 

Doctor 

Ed. 

edition, editor 

et al. 

and others 

etc. 

(et cetera) and so forth 

E. and 0. E. 

errors and omissions excepted 

e. g. 

for example 

frt. 

freight 

ft. 

foot, feet 

F. or Fahr. 

Fahrenheit 

G. A. R. 

Grand Army of the Republic 

gal. 

gallon 

gro. 

gross 

H. B. M. 

His or Her Britannic Majesty 

Hon. 

honorable 

id. 

(idem) the same 

i. e. 

(id est) that is 

I. H. S. 

Jesus, Savior of men 

incog. 

(incognitas) unknown 

ins. 

insurance 

inst. 

instant 

int. 

interest 

ibid. 

in the same place 




BUSINESS AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS. 


G1 


inv. 

I. N. R. J. 

l. 0. 0. F. 
Jr. 

Ky. 

lb. 

lat. 

£. s. d. 

Lt. 

LL. B. 

LL. D. 
long. 

L. S. 

M. 

M. 

M. 

m. d. 

M. C. 

M. D. 
mdse. 

mem. 

Mile. 

MS. 

M. P. 

178 

invoice 

Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews 
Independent Order Odd Fellows 
Junior 

Kentucky 

pound 

latitude 

pounds, shillings, pence 
lieutenant 

Bachelor of Laws 

Doctor of Laws 
longitude 
place of the seal 
( Monsieur ) Mister (French) 

( mille ) thousand 
midday, noon 
months after date 
member of Congress 
doctor of medicine 
merchandise 
memoranda, remember 
mademoiselle, Miss 
manuscript 

member of Parliament 



BUSINESS AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS. 


62 


179 


Mt. 

mount 

N. B. 

(nota bene) note well 

Nat. 

national 

No. 

number 

N. S. 

Nova Scotia 

N. S. 

New Style (after 1752) 

ob. 

( obiit ) he or she died 

oz. 

ounce 

Okla. 

Oklahoma 

O.T. 

Old Testament 

P- 

page 

Pkg. 

package . 

pd. 

paid 

pr. 

pair 

payt. 

payment 

pk. 

peck 

% 

per cent. 

Ph. D. 

Doctor of Philosophy 

pp. 

pages 

pt. 

pint 

P. 0. 

postoffice 

P. P.C. 

to take leave 

pro tem. 

for the time being 

prox. 

(proximo) next month 



BUSINESS AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS. 


G3 


180 


P. M. 

afternoon, postmaster 

P. R. 

Puerto Rico 

P. S. 

postscript 

Qu. 

question (proofreading) 

qt. 

quart 

qr. 

quire 

Q. E. D. 

which was to be demonstrated 

rec’d 

received 

recpt. 

receipt 

R. R. 

railroad 

R. S. V. P. 

answer, if you please 

Rec. Sec. 

Recording Secretary 

Sr. or Sen. 

senior 

Sat. 

Saturday 

sq. 

square 

St. 

Saint, street 

Supt. 

Superintendent 

ult. 

{ultimo) last month 

Univ. 

University 

U. S. M. 

United States Mail 

U.S. N. 

United States Navy 

vid. 

{vide) see 

viz. 

{videlicet) namely 

vol. 

volume 



64 

BUSINESS AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS. 


181 

V. P. 

Vice President 

VS. 

(versus) against 

vt. 

Vermont 

Wash. 

Washington 

wt. 

weight 

X 

by, multiplied by 

Xmas 

Christmas 

yd- 

yard 

yr. 

year 

Y. M.,C. 

A. Young Men’s Christian Associat’n 

If. 

paragraph 

do. 

(ditto) the same 

ex. 

example, out of office 

pop. 

population 

C. V. A 

Confederate Veterans’ Associat’n 

* 

take out (proofreading) 

9 

reverse “ 

Ital. 

Italics “ 

Rom. 

Roman type. 11 

tr. 

transpose “ 

Caps. 

capitals “ 

s. caps. 

small capitals “ 

w. f. 

wrong font “ 

1. c. 

( lower case “ 


l small letters “ 



CLASSIFYING, DEFINING AND USING WORDS. 


G5 


182—199 

1. Write words as directed, in columns. 

2. Opposite each word write its meaning. 

3. Construct a sentence using that meaning of the word, 

and no other. 

1. Five kinds of ships. 

2. Ten kinds of fruit. 

3. Ten words relating to light. 

4. Ten kinds of flowers. 

5. Ten stones, or words relating to stones. 

G. Ten diseases. 

7. Ten words relating to music. 

S. Ten words relating to ships. 

9. Ten kinds of trees. 

10. Ten kinds of birds. 

11. Ten words relating to money. 

12. Ten words relating to painters or painting. 

13. A derivative each from deny, plenty, empty, 

sat, divide, gas, scope, dent,-fluid, man. 

11. Ten derivatives from Latin roots. 

15. Ten derivatives from Greek roots. 

16. Ten house utensils. 

17. Ten kinds of school apparatus. 

18. Ten kinds of vehicles. 

19. Ten insects. 

20. Ten farming utensils. 



66 


CLASSIFYING, DEFINING AND USING WORDS. 


200-211 

1. Write words as directed, in columns. 

2. Opposite each word write its meaning. 

3. Construct a sentence using that meaning of the word, 

and no other. 

21. Ten qualities of persons. 

22. Ten vegetables. 

23. Ten kinds of sculpture or words relating to 

sculpture. 

24. Ten words relating to death or the dead. 

25. Ten compound words. 

26. Ten medicines. 

27. Ten tools. 

28. Ten kinds of nuts. 

29. Ten compounds containing man, black, berry, 

hand, fun, eight, wash, quake, truth, meant. 

30. Derivatives containing the affixes, ikin, ling, 

lock, able, un, ible, ]?ro, dis, ter, ante. 

32. Ten words relating to Thanksgiving. 

33. Ten words relating to Washington’s birthday. 

34. Ten w'ords relating to Christmas. 

35. Ten terms from Physical Geography. 

36. Ten terms from English Grammar, 

37. Ten characters prominent in literature. 



exercise in homonyms. (Ten words to each lesson.) 67 

1. Write a homonym opposite each word. 

2. Write a sentence containing the given word. 

3. Write a sentence containing the homonym. 

812-213 214-215 21G-217 


mantel 

oar 

eyelet 

pail 

ceiling 

compliment 

heard 

kernel 

signet 

hew 

peek 

bourn 

core 

clause 

symbol 

made 

vice 

frays 

loan 

stile 

indict 

liar 

shown 

fisher 

night 

some 

hoes 

reek 

cannon 

aught 

cruel 

sew 

gourd 

tide 

pain 

gage 

write 

plane 

cereal 

pallet 

stair 

key 

meat 

toe 

lessen 

peace 

rote 

gilt 

bow 

bolder 

levy 

quire 

lax 

limb 

nose 

burrow 

brood 

groan 

chased 

marshal 

laps 

freeze 

maze 

rye 

session 

cell 

collar 

carrot 

muscle 



68 TEST WORDS IN PRONUNCIATION AND SPELLING. 


218 

chameleon 

quinine 

Altamaha 

exquisite 

perimeter 

igloo 

farina 

dynasty 

surveillance 

debris 

orthoepy 

sidereal 

capillary 

facade 

centaur 

hyperbole 

pleuritis 

subtile 

sonorous 

reconnaissance 

lichen 

extraordinary 

chicanery 

bicycle 

lyceum 


219 

meningitis 

osseous 

granary 

irreparable 

irrevocable 

automaton 

nonpareil 

phosphorus 

parenthesis 

naiad 

oleomargarine 

ordeal 

patron 

reveille 

roof 

simultaneous 

squalor 

solace 

ignoramus 

inquiry 

jaundice 

comparable 

contour 

chastisement 

telegraphy 


220 

advertisement 

vagary 

bronchitis 

falcon 

gladiolus 

anemone 

nonchalant 

debauchee 

charivari 

connoisseur 

naivete 

lorgnette 

chiffonier 

tete-a-tete 

resume 

sobriquet 

protege 

shibboleth 

fetich 

mandarin 

palanquin 

meerschaum 

chaparral 

palaver 

Philistine 



STUDY OF MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 


69 


Directions.— Use these names: (1) As a pronouncing exercise, books in the 
hands oi pupils; (2) as a spelling exercise; (3) as an exercise in location. 


COUNTRIES 

Canada 
Costa Rica 
Guatemala 
Nicaragua 

Chili 

Bolivia 

Ecuador 

Guiana 

Paraguay 

Uruguay 

Venezuela 

Baden 

Belgium 

Circassia 

Mecklenburg 

Tuscany 

Wurtemberg 

Afghanistan 

Beloochistan 

Bokhara 

Hindustan 

Mantchooria 

Malacca 

Persia 

Soongaria 

Tartary 

Thibet 

Algiers 
Benguela 
Dahomey 
Darfur 
Ethiopia 
Fezzan 
Mozambique 
Soudan 
Sierra Leone 
Somali 
Tripoli 
Wadai 


ISLANDS 

Australia 

Borneo 

Celebes 

Feejee 

Hawaii 

Kauai 

Ladrones 

Luzon 

Mindanao 

Marquesas 

Molokai 

Moluccas 

Maui 

Niihau 

Oahu 

Pitcairn 

Palawan 

Papua 

Philippine 

Sumatra 

Samar 

Tahiti 

Azores 

Ascension 

Bourbon 

Madeira 

Madagascar 

Mauritius 

Sokotra 

Andaman 

Ceylon 

Cyprus 

Formosa 

Hainan 

Kurile 

Kiushu 

Laccadives 

Nicobar 

Niphon 

Saghalien 


ISLANDS 

Anglesea 

Balearic 

Corsica 

Faroe 

Funen 

Guernsey 

Hebrides 

Iviga 

Laaland 

Li pari 

Minorca 

Orkney 

Scilly 

Skye 

Chiloe 
Falkland 
Juan Fernandez 
Terra del Fuego 

Anticosti 

Antigua 

Antilles 

Bahamas 

Bermuda 

Catalina 

Curacao 

Dominica 

Guadaloupe 

Guanahani 

Hayti 

Kadiak 

Mackinac 

Manhattan 

Martinique 

Newfoundland 

Nunivack 

Pribilof 

Puerto Rico 

Roanoke 

Vancouver 

Wrangell 




70 STUDY 


Cities and Towns 

Apalachicola 

Albuquerque 

Acapulco 

Brattleboro 

Beaufort 

Baton Rouge 

Chihuahua 

Cienfuegos 

Cardenas 

Chillicothe 

Cincinnati 

Carlisle 

Dubuque 

Fernandina 

Guayama 

Guanajuato 

Guadalajara 

Gloucester 

Havre de Grace _ 

Indianapolis 

Jalapa 

Kalamazoo 

Kaskaskia 

Los Angeles 

Monterey 

Minneapolis 

Marquette 

Milwaukee 

Muscatine 

Montreal 

Natchez 

Natchitoches 

Oaxaca 

Omaha 

Opelousas 

Ottawa 

Pictou 

Poughkeepsie 

Patchogue 

Queretraro 

Rahway 

Raleigh 

Santiago 

Sacramento 


OF MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 


Cities and Towns 

Savannah 

Schenectady 

Syracuse 

Tallahassee 

Tuscaloosa 

Terre Haute 

Truxillo 

Vincennes 

Valladolid 

Vallejo 

Wilkesbarre 

Worcester 

Ypsilanti 

Zacatecas 

Bahia 

Buenos Ayres 

Cayenne 

Cuyaba 

Caracas 

Coquimbo 

Cochabamba 

Cobija 

Chuquisaka 

Guayaquil 

Montevideo 

Maracaibo 

Popayan 

Paramaribo 

Quito 

Rio Janeiro 
Valparaiso 

Aberdeen 

Ayr 

Armagh 

Astrakhan 

Austerlitz 

Ajaccio 

Bourges 

Barcelona 

Bordeaux 

Bukharest 

Breslau 

Cowes 


Cities and Towns 

Caermarthen 

Carlscrona 

Cronstadt 

Carlsruhe 

Cherbourg 

Calais 

Civita Vecchia 

Dusseldorf 

Drontheim 

Edinburg 

Gothenburg 

Genoa 

Ipswich - 

Innsbruck 

Killarney 

Kiev 

Leicester 

Leipzig 

Lille 

Munich 

Nantes 

Nuremberg 

Prague 

Pesth 

Rouen 

Reggio 

Stockholm 

Szegedin 

Sentari 

Toulouse 

Thebes 

Trieste 

Tipperary 

Versailles 

Wiesbaden 

Woolwich 

Aracan 

Amoy 

Bangkok 

Fuchau 

Hyderabad 

Hangchau 

Irkootsk 

Lucknow 



STUDY OF MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 


71 


ft 


Cities and Towns. 

Pondicherry 

Shanghai 

Saigon- 

Singapore 

Tobolsk 

Yarkand 

Abomey 

Rloemfontein 

Berbera 

Coomassie 

Kairwan 

Khartum 

Mozambique 

Pietermaritzburg 

Suakin 

Tananarivo 

Tangier 

Adelaide 

Auckland 

Acheen 

Brisbane 

Honolulu 

Manila 

Macassar 

Melbourne 

Paramatta 

Surakarta 

Sarawak 

Sydney 

RIVERS. 
Assiniboine 
Aroostook 
Androscoggin 
Alleghany 
Appomattox 
Altamaha 
Atchafalayaf 
Big Sioux 
Chaudiere 
Chemung 
Chickahominy 
Congaree 
Catawba 


RIVERS. 

Chippewa 

Chickasaw 

Des Plaines 

Gila 

Genesee 

Housatonic* 

Juniata 

Kennebec 

Kankakee 

Maumee 

Miami 

Monongahela 

Merrimac 

Menomonee 

Nueces 

Niagara 

Ogeechee 

Oswegatchie 

Oconee 

Ocmulgee 

Pascagoula 

Perdido 

Passaic 

Piscataqua 

Richelieu 

Rio Grande 

Rappahannock 

Roanoke 

Saskatchewan 

Saguenay 

Saint Croix 

Susquehanna 

Shenandoah 

Suwanee 

Sangamon 

San Joaquin 

Sabine 

Tabasco 

Tampico 

Tippecanoe 

Tallahatchee 

Tallapoosa 

Willamette 

Washita 


RIVERS. 

Yazoo 

Yuba 

Amazon 

Essequibo 

Magdalena 

Orinoco 

Parana 

Tocantins 

Ucayale 

Xingu 

Ayr 

Dnieper 

Douro 

Dniester 

Guadiana 

Garonne 

Guadalquivir 

Gironde 

Loire 

Mezen 

Niemen 

Petchora 

Saone 

Seine 

Thames 

Tyne 

Brahmaputra 

Euphrates 

Ganges 

Hoangho 

Irtish 

Ira wadi 

Nerbuddah 

Sihon 

Yenisei 

Yang-tse-Kiang 

Gambia 

Niger 

Senegal 

Zambezi 

Pasig 

Cagayan 

Warburton 


Dec 20 1901 



DEC 18 1901 


72 PROPOSED RULES FOR PHONETIC SPELLING. 

[We give below the rules proposed by a number of scholars 
for simplifying English spelling. Since these are not univer¬ 
sally,. or even generally, accepted by scholars, publishers or 
the business world, they are not applied in this book. They 
are furnished as a matter of information. ] 

THE TEN RULES FOR THE AMENDED SPELLINGS. 

1. e.—Drop silent e when fonetically useless, writing 

er for re , as in live , single , eaten , rained , theatre , 
etc. 

2. ea.—Drop a from ea having the sound of short e, as 

in feather , leather , etc. 

3. o.—For o having the sound of u in hut , write u as 

in above (abuv), tongue (tung), and the like. 

4. ou.—Drop o from ou having the sound of u in hut , 

as in trouble , rough (ruf), and the like; for our 
unaccented write or , as in honour. 

5. u, ue. —Drop silent u after g before a, and in nativ 

English words, and drop final ue: as in guard , 
guess , catalogue , league , etc. 

6. Dubl consonants may be simplified when fonet¬ 
ically useless: bail if (not hall , etc.), battle (batl), 
written (writn), traveler , etc. 

7. d.—Change d and ed final to t when so pronounced, 

as in looked (lookt)j etc., unless the e affects the 
preceding sound, as in chafed , etc. 

8. gh. ph. — Change gh and pli to / when so sounded: 

enough (enuf), laughter (lafter), etc. ; phonetic 
(f one tic), etc. 

9. s.—Change s to a when so sounded, especially in 
distinctive words and in -ise: as in abuse , verb 
(abuze), advertise (advertize), etc. 

t. —Drop t in tch: as in catch , pitch , etc. 


10. 




V v *>r i-Hi&j'f! -■ : J «• 

- 4 :• ♦-1 ' r, uv •'' ••••■•• . f:\ & 2 &J!’■«•,• >s 

• .. Aw-^. ' V •" r.M V- . ~* -- .4 • '/t* r V «. J- . *-. . . . *fN ; • 

♦ •;«& , • ■■ ? #&• S ■ ; J i^MSt>/,-V;' *£ 

:? £S£ V JmNSI 




wtv :tm + w ••Sk*;-S £>■ 

, , : :./ ; > .‘.r: ' ^:‘ o-V-.vvt ? ■ -i' ®7 WWjit 

x ;. /■ • ■ ' *'•*'• •. ‘ vV -ftOtf- ■ -'/ -X'iK J &»«£«&# • 

. 

W >-,.. * 

■ 


i V, 


■s 




•• 

ssimis mil 

. 

: ''" ' iiik. : •• AV 7‘ d ' %£?’'• &' ' ' 

• •'■■■.-.• -ij. '&--r / H ■ • • 7 V-,: V7,:7>! : 

;■ • : H- ■' 


‘.rwi^'s 


• - • ‘ '• • ■*/ • . • (J , • ^-/iT V- /I*' * 

‘ 

f -:• f V- : - T'V w; -. v, v^,-^ > 

: - v • < * V -\ 'a ’ . . • v<v *-*; , -A 

> H <C ST 4 • |J>> • /f . * //>» V^’'; i < *• 9 V*V 


Y- 4. 








v Ip J&jf•, R - 9 H IS l 

55 R? te r, - • : k? 

• L-sl ;H i/M fc* <y. I 


1 ' 






/ 


* :■ ;■>'=> . -*. ■ v S*.?i 'A 7 7 . ^ 

• ifl Hi J , '• •; T >.^- 

^.Pfcv ■ ;; '- ri yn ‘\r 4 • v r>^AT’ * '-'-'//•L 

u -i ,v K 4t ; l&.!i»; ' # v ; ': %i x ; V ;'V: *y^ v-:; ; 1 

; , 7 v-: v 

A v ?&&&$&StM 1 ImJ: ; M i,-V^>': V $‘-%: 
























